🔹 What is a List in Python?

A list is a built-in data structure in Python that is ordered, mutable (changeable), and allows duplicate values.

✅ Lists can store multiple data items in a single variable.

🔹 Key Features of Lists

🔹 How to Create a List

# Creating a list
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mixed_list = [1, "Hello", 3.14, True]
empty_list = []

🔹 Accessing List Elements

print(my_list[0])      # Output: 1 (indexing starts from 0)
print(my_list[-1])     # Output: 5 (last element using negative index)

🔹 Modifying a List

my_list[2] = 10
print(my_list)  # Output: [1, 2, 10, 4, 5]

🔹 List Operations

1. Add Elements

my_list.append(6)          # Add at end
my_list.insert(1, "Hi")    # Insert at index 1

2. Remove Elements

my_list.remove(10)         # Remove value 10
my_list.pop()              # Remove last item
my_list.pop(2)             # Remove item at index 2

3. Other Useful Methods

my_list.sort()             # Sort list
my_list.reverse()          # Reverse list
my_list.index(4)           # Find index of 4
len(my_list)               # Length of list

🔹 Looping Through a List

for item in my_list:
    print(item)

🔹 List Comprehension (Concise way to create lists)

squares = [x**2 for x in range(5)]
print(squares)  # Output: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]

🔹 Nested Lists

Lists can contain other lists:

matrix = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
print(matrix[1][0])  # Output: 3

🔹 Common Built-in Functions with Lists

🧠 Real-Life Analogy:

Think of a list like a shopping basket – you can add, remove, or modify items any time, and it can contain different types of things: fruits, bottles, bills, etc.

✅ Example: Putting it All Together

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("orange")
fruits[1] = "blueberry"
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'blueberry', 'cherry', 'orange']